Following a careful, multi-lingual education, Prince Johann II (born 1840, died 1929) continued his studies in Germany, Brussels and Paris. He was accompanied by the social reformer Karl Freiherr von Vogelsang, who left a lasting mark on his social and humanitarian attitudes. In 1858 he assumed the leadership of the House and the Principality, to which he gave a constitution in 1862 and, in 1921, a parliamentary constitution on a democratic basis, which is still valid today.

Johann enjoyed a reputation as an outstanding art expert and patron. He brought about the restructuring of the Lichtenstein picture gallery and extended it through extensive purchases. The former principle seat at Maria Enzersdorf and Vaduz Castle were restored to their original condition as part of extensive construction work. In addition, the Prince supported numerous museums, including the Kunsthistorisches Museum (Museum of Fine Arts) in Vienna, through generous donations. He financed the transport of the heroon of Gölbasi-Trysa to Vienna for the Kunsthistorisches Museum.

As a patron of science, he also made donations to the Pharmacological Institute of the University of Vienna and the Academy of Science. In 1895 he founded the empire’s first fruit-growing and horticulture college. He also financed renowned historical and art-history publications.

His dedication to social and humanitarian issues was, likewise, noteworthy. In addition to the introduction of pioneering social welfare benefits for his staff, Johann also made considerable donations to numerous individuals, welfare institutions and various charity and non-profit organisations.