Due to lack of historical or written sources, little is known of Naddo Ceccarelli or his work. Knowledge of his existence is based solely on two paintings signed by him, one of which is dated 1347, one year before the devastating plague. His signature also provides information concerning his origin in Siena.

Stylist comparison of the two paintings attributed to Ceccarelli permits the reconstruction of a small oeuvre which places the artist as a direct successor of Simone Martini, one of the grand masters of the Siena School. In 1339 Ceccarelli appears to have accompanied him to the Papal Court in Avignon. Following the death of Simone, Ceccarelli may have returned to Siena.

There is little evidence of the innovations of Lorenzetti or Giotto in his works. Ceccarelli remained true to the Siena painting tradition and its representatives Duccio and Simone Martini, whose soft linear painting style he continued.